Vietnam: What are xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secrets eligible for protection? What are xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 penalties imposed on entities arbitrarily using trade secrets of others?
What are xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secrets eligible for protection in Vietnam?
Under Clause 23, Article 4 of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2Law on Intellectual Property 2005amended by Clause 2, Article 1 of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2Law on Amendments to Law on Intellectual Property 2009, supplemented by Points a, b, d, Clause 1, Article 1 of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2Law No. 07/2022/QH15 dated June 16, 2022 on amendments:
Interpretation of terms
In this Law, xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 following terms shall be construed as follows:
1. Intellectual property rights means xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 rights of organizations and individuals to intellectual assets, including copyright and copyright-related rights, industrial properly rights and rights to plant varieties.
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4. Industrial property rights means rights of organizations and individuals to inventions, industrial designs, layout-designs of semiconductor integrated circuits, trade secrets, marks, trade names, geographical indications and trade secrets they have created or own, and xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 right to repression of unfair competition.
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23. Trade secret means information obtained from financial or intellectual investment activities, which has not yet been disclosed and can be used in business.
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Thus, trade secrets are under industrial property rights, which are information obtained from financial or intellectual investment activities, which has not yet been disclosed and can be used in business.
According to xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 provisions of Article 84 of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2Law on Intellectual Property 2005, xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 general conditions for trade secrets to be eligible for protection are as follows:
General conditions for trade secrets to be eligible for protection
A trade secret shall be eligible for protection when it satisfies xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 following conditions:
1. It is neither common knowledge nor easily obtainable.
2. When used in business activities, xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secret will create for its holder advantages over those who do not hold or use it.
3. xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 owner of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secret maintains its secrecy by necessary means so that xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 secret will not be disclosed nor be easily accessible.
Thus, to be eligible for protection, a trade secret must satisfy xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 following conditions:
- It is neither common knowledge nor easily obtainable.
- xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 owner of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secret maintains its secrecy by necessary means so that xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 secret will not be disclosed nor be easily accessible.
- When used in business activities, xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secret will create for its holder advantages over those who do not hold or use it.
What is confidential information ineligible for protection as trade secrets in Vietnam?
Under Article 85 of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2Law on Intellectual Property 2005on objects ineligible for protection as trade secrets:
Objects ineligible for protection as trade secrets
xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 following confidential information shall be ineligible for protection as trade secrets:
1. Personal identification secrets.
2. State management secrets.
3. National defence and security secrets.
4. Other confidential information unrelated to business.
Under xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 above regulations, confidential information ineligible for protection as trade secrets in Vietnam includes state management secrets; personal identification secrets; national defense and security secrets; and other confidential information unrelated to business.
Thus, not all confidential information is eligible for protection as trade secrets in Vietnam.
What are xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 penalties imposed on entities arbitrarily using trade secrets of others in Vietnam?
Under xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 provisions of Article 127 of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2Law on Intellectual Property 2005on infringements of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 right to trade secrets:
Infringements of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 right to trade secrets
1. xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 following acts shall be deemed infringements of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 right to trade secrets:
(a) Accessing or acquiring information pertaining to a trade secret by taking acts against secrecy- keeping measures applied by lawful controllers of such trade secret;
(b) Disclosing or using information pertaining to a trade secret without xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 permission of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 owner of such trade secret;
(c) Breaching secrecy-keeping contracts or deceiving, inducing, buying off, forcing, seducing or abusing xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trust of persons in charge of secrecy-keeping in order to access, acquire or disclose a trade secret;
(d) Accessing or acquiring information pertaining to xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 trade secret of an applicant for a licence for trading in or circulating products by taking acts against secrecy-keeping measures applied by competent bodies;
(dd) Using or disclosing trade secrets, while knowing or having xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 obligation to know that they have been acquired by others engaged in one of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 acts stipulated in sub-clauses (a), (b), (c) or (d) of this clause;
(e) Failing to perform xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 secrecy-keeping obligation stipulated in article 128 of this Law.
2. Lawful controllers of trade secrets defined in clause 1 of this Article include owners of trade secrets, their lawful licensees and managers of trade secrets
Thus, accessing, acquiring, disclosing, and using trade secrets are acts of infringement of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 right to protected trade secrets. Therefore, arbitrarily using trade secrets of others is an act of infringement of trade secrets. Entities committing this act may face penalties according to xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 provisions of law.
Under xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 provisions of Article 16 ofDecree 75/2019/ND-CPon infringement of trade secrets:
Infringement of trade secrets
1. A fine ranging from VND 200,000,000 to VND 300,000,000 shall be imposed for committing one of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 following violations:
a) Accessing or obtaining trade secrets by taking actions against security measures adopted by xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 older of such trade secrets;
b) Disclosing or using trade secrets without xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 permission of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 holder of such trade secrets.
2. Additional penalties:
a) xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 exhibits and instrumentalities for committing xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 administrative violation shall be confiscated;
b) Profits illegally obtained from xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 administrative violation shall be confiscated.
Thus, persons arbitrarily using xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 protected trade secrets of others - an act of infringement of trade secrets may be administratively fined from VND 200,000,000 to VND 300,000,000.
In addition, persons committing acts of infringement of trade secrets shall have exhibits and instrumentalities for committing xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 administrative violation on competition and profits illegally obtained from such administrative violation confiscated.
Note:xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 above maximum fine will be imposed for acts of infringement of trade secrets by organizations. For individuals who commit xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 same administrative violations on competition, xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 maximum fine equals half of xem bóng đá trực tiếp vtv2 maximum fine imposed on organizations (Clause 7, Article 4 of Decree 75/2019/ND-CP).
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