vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nayWhat is gene mutation? When do students in Vietnam learn about gene mutation?
What is gene mutation?
Gene mutation is an unexpected change in vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay nucleotide sequence of a gene. Simply put, it is a "mistake" that occurs during vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay DNA replication process, leading to changes in vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay genetic information encoded in that gene.
*Below is some information about gene mutation that students can refer to.
What is Gene Mutation?
There are several causes of gene mutation, including:
Natural Causes: Errors in vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay DNA replication process; when cells duplicate, errors in nucleotide pairing occasionally occur.
Influence of Environmental Factors: Ultraviolet rays, toxic chemicals, ionizing radiation... can damage DNA and cause mutations.
Artificial Causes:Human activities: Using chemicals, radiation in industry, healthcare... can increase vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay risk of gene mutation.
Types of Gene Mutations
Gene mutations can be classified in various ways, but are commonly divided into two main types:
Point Mutation: A change at one or a few pairs of nucleotides.
Substitution:One nucleotide is replaced by another.
Insertion:Addition of one or more nucleotides into vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay DNA chain.
Deletion: Loss of one or more nucleotides from vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay DNA chain.
Frameshift Mutation:Addition or loss of one or more nucleotides not in multiples of 3, altering vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay entire genetic reading frame from vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay mutation point onwards.
Consequences of Gene Mutation
Gene mutations can lead to various outcomes from harmless to severe diseases, depending on vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay location and type of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay mutation. Some common consequences include:
Change in structure and function of proteins: Proteins encoded from mutated genes can have altered structures, leading to loss or reduction of function.
Cause genetic diseases: Many genetic diseases such as cancer, sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis... are caused by gene mutations.
Create genetic diversity: Gene mutation is one of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay important factors creating genetic diversity in populations, which is vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay basis for evolution.
Applications of Gene Mutation Research
Researching gene mutations is significant in many fields, such as:
Medicine: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of genetic diseases.
Molecular Biology: Study of genetic and evolutionary mechanisms.
Agriculture: Creation of high-yield, disease-resistant crops. || --- |
*Note: Information about gene mutation is for reference only./.
What is gene mutation? When do students in Vietnam learn about gene mutation? (Image from vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay Internet)
When do students in Vietnam learn about gene mutation?
Based on Section 5 of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay General Education Program for Biology as promulgated withThông tư 32/2018/TT-BGDĐT, vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay content studied in Grade 12 Biology is as follows:
Required Competencies
- Based on vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay chemical structure of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay DNA molecule, describe vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay function of DNA. State vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay significance of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay specific pairings A-T and G-C.
- Define and explain vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay structure of a gene. Distinguish between types of genes based on structure and function.
- Analyze vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay mechanism of DNA replication as a process of self-replicating genetic information from parent cell to daughter cell or from one generation to vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay next.
- Differentiate between types of RNA. Analyze vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay nature of genetic transcription as vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay mechanism of aggregating RNA based on DNA.
- Define and discuss vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay concept of reverse transcription and its significance.
- Define and describe vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay characteristics of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay genetic code.
- Describe vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay mechanism of protein synthesis from vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay RNA transcript characterized as vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay translation process.
- Draw and explain vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay diagram linking vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay three processes that express vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay genetic mechanism at vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay molecular level as vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay process of transmitting genetic information.
- Practice extracting DNA.
- Explain vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay experiment on vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay Lac operon of E.coli.
- Analyze vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay significance of regulating gene expression in cells and during individual development.
- State vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay applications of gene expression regulation.
- Define vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay concept of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay genome.
- Present some achievements and applications of decoding vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay human genome.
-Define vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay concept of gene mutation. Distinguish between vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay types of gene mutations.
- Analyze vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay causes and mechanisms of gene mutation occurrence.
- Explain vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay role of gene mutation in evolution, breeding, and genetics research.
- Define vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay concept, principles, and some achievements of recombinant DNA technology.
- Define vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay concept, principles, and some achievements in creating genetically modified plants and animals.
- Debate and argue about vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay production and use of genetically modified products and bioethics.
Thus, in vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay Grade 12 Biology program of general education, students must define vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay concept of gene mutation and distinguish between types of gene mutations. Therefore, Gene Mutation is taught in vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay grade 12 curriculum.
What are vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay teaching methods for grade 12 Biology in Vietnam?
Based on Section 6 of vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay General Education Program for Biology as promulgated withThông tư 32/2018/TT-BGDĐT, vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay teaching methods for grade 12 Biology in Vietnam are as follows:
- Enhance vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay positivity, proactivity, and creativity of students; avoid one-sided imposition and rote memorization; focus on developing self-reliance and self-learning abilities to enable students to continue exploring and expanding their knowledge base, and to develop necessary qualities and competencies after graduating from high school.
- Practice vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay skills to apply biological knowledge to identify and solve practical problems; encourage and create conditions for students to experience and innovate based on organizing learning activities, exploration, and application.
- Apply educational methods flexibly and creatively, suitable for vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay goals, content of education, students, and specific conditions. Depending on vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay learning goals, teachers can use a combination of various teaching methods within a topic. Traditional teaching methods (lectures, discussions, etc.) are used to promote students' activeness and proactivity. Increase vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay use of modern teaching methods emphasizing vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay student's role as vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay subject of learning (hands-on learning, problem-solving learning, project-based learning, experiential learning; differentiated learning, etc., with appropriate teaching techniques).
- Teaching forms should be diverse and flexible; combine individual learning, group learning, classroom learning, learning by contract, flipped learning, online learning, etc. Strengthen vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay application of information technology and communications in biology teaching. Value external reference materials beyond textbooks and a system of teaching equipment; fully exploit vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay advantages of information technology and communications for teaching on knowledge bases and multimedia, and increase vtv2 trực tiếp bóng đá hôm nay use of electronic resources (such as experimental films, virtual experiments, simulated experiments, etc.).
- Integrated teaching through topics that connect multiple knowledge areas. When teaching these topics, teachers need to build scenarios that require students to apply knowledge and skills to solve issues of cognition, practice, and technology.
