Vietnam: What is tuberculosis? What are bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp symptoms of patients with suspected tuberculosis?
Will anemployment contract of an employee undergoing tuberculosistreatment for13 consecutive months in Vietnam be terminated?
According to Article 37 of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp Labor Code 2019, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer in Vietnam is not allowed to unilaterally terminate bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp following cases:
Cases in which an employer is prohibited from unilaterally terminating an employment contract
1. bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee is suffering from an illness or occupational accident, occupational disease and is being treated or nursed under bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp decision of a competent health institution, except for bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp cases stipulated in Point b Clause 1 Article 36 of this Labor Code.
2. bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee is on annual leave, personal leave, or any other types of leave permitted by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer.
3. bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee is pregnant, on maternal leave or raising a child under 12 months of age.
According to Clause 1, Article 36 of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp Labor Code 2019, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer in Vietnam has bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp right to unilaterally terminate bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp following cases:
bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp right of an employer to unilaterally terminates bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract
1. An employer shall have bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp right to unilaterally terminate an employment contract in one of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp following circumstances:
a) bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee repeatedly fails to perform his/her work according to bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp criteria for assessment of employees’ fulfillment of duties established by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer. bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp criteria for assessment of employees’ fulfillment of duties shall be established by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer with consideration taken of opinions offered by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp representative organization of employees (if any);
b) bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee is sick or has an accident and remains unable to work after having received treatment for a period of 12 consecutive months in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp case of an indefinite-term employment contract, for 06 consecutive months in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp case of an employment contract with a fixed term of 12 – 36 months, or more than half bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp duration of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp contract in case of an employment contract with a fixed term of less than 12 months.
Upon recovery, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer may consider concluding another employment contract with bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee;
c) In bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp event of a natural disaster, fire, major epidemic, hostility, relocation or downsizing requested by a competent authority, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer has to lay off employees after all possibilities have been exhausted;
d) bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee is not present at bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp workplace after bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp time limit specified in Article 31 of this Labor Code;
dd) bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee reaches bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp retirement age specified in Article 169 of this Labor Code, unless otherwise agreed by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp parties;
e) bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee is not present at work without acceptable excuses for at least 05 consecutive working days;
g) bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employee fails to provide truthful information during bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp conclusion of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract in accordance with Clause 2 Article 16 of this Labor Code in a manner that affects bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp recruitment.
According to bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp above regulations, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer can unilaterally terminate bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract with an employee undergoing treatment for illness or accident for 12 consecutive months.
In case of undergoing tuberculosistreatment for13 consecutive months or more according to bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp doctor's instruction, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer can terminate bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract. bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp termination of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employment contract by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp employer is not against bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp law.
What is tuberculosis?
Under Subsection 1.1, Section 1, Part 1 of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp Guidelines on Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Tuberculosis issued with Decision 162/QD-BYT in 2024, tuberculosis is defined as follows:
Some Basic Concepts
1.1. Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp tuberculosis bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis - MTB). Tuberculosis can affect all parts of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp body, with pulmonary tuberculosis being bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp most common form (accounting for 80-85%), which is bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp main source of infection to others. Tuberculosis is transmitted through bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp air by inhaling small dust particles containing tuberculosis bacteria which are released when a person with active pulmonary tuberculosis coughs, spits, or sneezes. Tuberculosis can be fatal but can be treated and prevented.
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Thus, tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by tuberculosis bacteria, which can damage all parts of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp body, with pulmonary tuberculosis being bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp most common form and bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp main source of infection to others.
Tuberculosis is transmitted through bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp air by inhaling small dust particles containing tuberculosis bacteria which are released when a person with active pulmonary tuberculosis coughs, spits, or sneezes. Tuberculosis can be fatal but can be treated and prevented
What is tuberculosis? What are bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp symptoms of patients with suspected tuberculosis in Vietnam? (Image from bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp Internet)
What are bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp symptoms of patients with suspected tuberculosis in Vietnam?
Based on Part 2 of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp Guidelines on Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Tuberculosis issued with Decision 162/QD-BYT in 2024, patients with suspected tuberculosis are defined as follows:
Patients with suspected tuberculosis
Patients with suspected tuberculosis are those with at least one of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp following symptoms: (1) Clinical symptoms suspected of tuberculosis, (2) A medical condition or factor that increases bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp risk of tuberculosis, (3) Abnormal chest X-ray images or other diagnostic imaging methods suspected of tuberculosis.
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Thus, patients with suspected tuberculosis are those with at least one of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp following symptoms:
(1) Clinical symptoms suspected of tuberculosis
- For adults: Persistent cough lasting more than 02 weeks (dry cough, productive cough, coughing up blood) is bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp most important sign of suspicion for tuberculosis. Other symptoms may include:
+ Weight loss, poor appetite, fatigue
+ Mild fevers in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp afternoon, prolonged fevers without clear cause lasting longer than 02 weeks
+ Night sweats
+ Chest pain, occasionally difficulty breathing
- For children: bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp disease course is prolonged for more than 02 weeks, with at least one of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp following symptoms:
+ Persistent cough
+ Prolonged or recurrent wheezing that does not respond to bronchodilators
+ Unexplained weight loss or failure to gain weight in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp past 03 months
+ Unexplained fever
+ Fatigue, reduced playfulness
+ Poor appetite
+ Night sweats
+ Symptoms of acute pneumonia that do not respond to 02 weeks of antibiotic treatment
- Clinical symptoms suspected of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: may include general systemic symptoms and local symptoms at organs suspected of tuberculosis.
(2) A medical condition or factor that increases bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp risk of tuberculosis
- Direct contact with bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp source of infection, especially children.
- Previous history of diagnosed or treated tuberculosis.
- Immunosuppressive disorders, such as: autoimmune disease, HIV infection, prolonged use of immunosuppressive drugs (Corticosteroids), chemotherapy for cancer, or other immunosuppressive diseases.
- Chronic diseases: diabetes, chronic kidney failure, etc.
- Malnourished children, especially severely malnourished children and children who have not been vaccinated with BCG vaccine.
- Living in closed, poorly ventilated environments, such as correctional officers, prisoners, mental health patients,...
- Drug, alcohol, tobacco addicts.
- Healthcare workers, especially healthcare workers in tuberculosis and lung disease specialties.
(3) Abnormal chest X-ray images or other diagnostic imaging methods suspected of tuberculosis
- For adults:
+ Lesions often found in segments 1, 2 of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp upper lobe and segment 6 of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp lower lobe. In practice, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp upper third of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp lung is bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp common site for tuberculosis lesions. Common lesion forms include:
+ Lung parenchyma consolidation: typically involves consolidation of a few segments at different sites, with consolidated lung areas usually non-homogeneous, often accompanied by opaque lines (fibrosis), rarely involving bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp consolidation of an entire lung lobe (tuberculosis pneumonia). Consolidation may form from large nodules with indistinct borders, these nodules cluster or coalesce.
+ Cavity: is a common lesion, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp number may be many or a single cavity, sizes can vary, with different thick and thin walls, but bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp inside wall of bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp cavity is always uniformly smooth, bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp cavity is empty (distinct from cavities caused by cancer or fungus, especially chronic Aspergillus lung infection). Cavities usually appear inside consolidated lung areas or nodules, seeing fluid levels inside cavities is uncommon.
+ Pleural effusion: bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp amount of fluid can be more or less. Fluid usually occurs on one side but can be bilateral. Fluid can be free or localized. Pleural effusion can be singular or accompanied by lung parenchymal lesions. Pleural effusion can be associated with pleural thickening or calcification.
+ Rarer lesions include:
++ Nodules: this form may manifest as small nodules, miliary dissemination affecting both lungs, or as a solitary tuberculoma. bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp more common form of nodules are larger nodules with indistinct margins (alveolar nodules), these nodules tend to cluster forming consolidated areas. When nodules appear together with cavities or consolidation but in different lobes, this suggests airway spread.
++ Atelectasis: Atelectasis due to airway lesions (airway tuberculosis) or fibrosis (tractional atelectasis). Atelectasis usually occurs in bóng đá hôm nay trực tiếp upper lobe, but rarely involves an entire lung. Fibrosing atelectasis forms are more common than those caused by airway lesions.
